DID YOU KNOW! Architectural Terms
Various Architectural Terms Used in the Episcopal Church
Entrance
Many Episcopal churches have their doors painted red. The color traditionally signifies that refuge from persecution could be offered inside. There is also the story that doors are painted red to signal the church's Anglican heritage since the English flag's primary color is red.
Narthex
The narthex is an entry space, foyer, or anteroom of a church between the door and the nave. The term is from the Greek for a “small case.” Historically, the narthex was an enclosed vestibule or porch of a basilica. Catechumens and penitents stood in the narthex during the service, where they were instructed in the Christian faith. It also may serve as a place for the gathering and formation of processions and a place for people to wait before services begin.
Nave
The nave is the area in the church for congregational seating (traditionally pews), between the narthex and the chancel. The term may be derived from the Latin navis, “ship,” which was an early symbol of the church. Nave aisles are designed and utilized for liturgical processions and easy access for congregants to partake of the Eucharist.
Transept
In many Episcopal churches, the nave forms a cross with aisles leading to a bar-shaped area called the transept. Either side of the transept may have small chapels in large Episcopal churches and cathedrals or may lead to other parts of the church.
Chancel
The chancel of the church is set apart for the altar, lectern, pulpit, credence table, and seats for officiating and assisting ministers; there is traditionally also a Bishop’s chair. Many churches have two lecterns: one for the readings and one for the sermon (pulpit). Most lecterns and pulpits are positioned to the side in order to have the central focus of the sight line on the altar and the Eucharist. The larger chancel area may also include the choir area. The chancel is typically raised somewhat above the level of the nave. The chancel may be separated from the nave by a low screen, rail, or open space. In some churches, the congregation may gather on three sides or in a semicircle around the chancel.
Sanctuary
Sometimes the entire worship space including all of the above pieces is referred to as the sanctuary.